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- rag paper -
Historically, paper made with rag pulp. Today it is usually referred to as cotton fiber paper. It may be made from cotton cuttings (rags), linters or other waste cotton.
- rag pulp -
Pulp made by disintegrating new or old cotton or linen rags and cleaning and bleaching the fibers.
- railroad board -
A heavy board made in colors. Basic size: 22" x 28"/500 sheets. Two thicknesses, 4 and 6 ply. Coated and uncoated.
- railroad manila -
A writing paper containing a substantial amount of mechanical fiber usually made up into canary yellow pads. Also referred to as manila writing.
- random watermark -
See watermark.
- rate of production -
Amount of tonnage being produced at a given time by a particular mill or machine. (See capacity).
- rated capacity -
Amount of paper or paperboard that a given machine has been designed to produce.
- rattle -
Crackling sound produced by shaking or crumbling a piece of paper to demonstrate its quality of rigidity. Example: bond papers rattle; mimeographic papers do not. Sufficient reason why scripts for use on radio programs are typed on mimeograph paper.
- raw weight -
Weight of raw stock before coating.
- ream -
Five hundred sheets of paper.
- ream marked -
Pile of paper is ream marked by the insertion of small slips of paper or "ream markers" at intervals of every 500 sheets.
- ream marker -
Piece of rectangular shaped paper used to mark off the reams in a stack of paper.
- ream weight -
Weight of 500 sheets of paper.
- ream wrapped -
Paper which has been separated into reams and individually packaged or wrapped.
- reclaimed paper pulp -
A term used to describe both recycled wastepaper and recovered wood waste.
- reel -
A roll on which paper is wound at the end of the paper machine.
- reel sample -
Samples taken from a reel of paper for testing.
- re-etching -
Rendering tones and color value of halftone plates close to original copy.
- refiner -
A machine that prepares pulp in a pre-determined manner prior to the papermaking operation.
- register -
In printing, register is the placement of two or more images on the same paper in such a manner as to make them in perfect alignment with each other. When a printing job is exact register, succeeding forms or colors can be printed in the correct position relative to the images already printed on the sheet.
- register mark -
Mark placed on a form to assist in proper positioning after-printing operations. Two short lines at right angles is called an angle mark. Also, bulls-eye marks placed on camera-ready copy to assist in registration of subsequent operations.
- registration -
Alignment of one element of a form in relation to another. Also, alignment of printed images upon the same sheet of paper.
- reinforced paper -
Strengthening substance sandwiched between duplex paper. The entire "sandwich'' is then bonded with asphalt or latex.
- release paper -
Smooth, glazed paper, usually treated with silicones, to allow sticky or tacky materials to be easily removed from the paper's surface.
- relief printing -
Letterpress.
- replicate -
Copying, duplicating.
- reproducible inks -
Ink with a metallic content permitting it to be copied by the infra-red process.
- reproduction paper -
Good quality, single-sided coated paper, suitable for fine screen and color printing. Also used for reproduction proofs.
- reproduction proof -
A good quality proof for use as camera copy for photographic reproduction.
- reprography -
Copying and duplicating processes.
- rescreen -
Already screened original art which must be reduced or enlarged to maintain screen ruling.
- resiliency -
Ability of paper or board to regain original form after being bent, stretched or compressed.
- reverse -
In reference to printing, printing so that the original background becomes the inked image, white or the color of the paper.
- reverse side printing -
Back printing.
- rewind -
To turn a web of paper around a core or cylinder, usually at the delivery end of the press.
- rewinder -
Equipment which slits and rewinds paper webs into smaller rolls.
- right side of paper -
The side on which the watermark is read correctly. It is the felt side of the sheet.
- right-angle fold -
Term used for two or more folds that are at 90 degree angles to each other.
- right-read image -
Image similar to the original or intended final copy.
- rigidity -
Stiffness, resistance to bending.
- ripple finish -
This type of finish, which imparts a dimpling effect, is achieved by the use of an embossing roll. Usually made when the web passes through the "nip'' of male and female embossed rolls.
- roll -
Web of paper. Paper wound around a core or shaft to form a continuous roll or web of paper.
- roll coating -
Type of coating that is applied by a roller and smoothed by the reverse action of the preceding roller.
- roll curl -
Also known as wrap curl, describes the appearance of a curve or curl in the paper resulting from its being wrapped around a roll. The curl always appears in a cross-grain direction. Same as wrap curl.
- roll hardness tester -
Used to determine the relative uniformity of bulk across a web. Hardness is measured by the distance a plunger rebounds when dropped on the roll being tested. Roll hardness testers are available from Testing Machines, Inc., and Electronic Automation Systems, Inc. hardness of a roll of paper is an indirect measurement of the "tightness" of the roll.
- roll set -
The curve in paper caused by winding around a roll or core.
- roll stand -
Mechanism supporting roll of paper as it unwinds to feed the web into the press.
- rosin -
The residue obtained by distilling of the turpentine from the gum of the southern pine or from pine stumps, or other resinous woods, by a steam and solvent process. It is an additive which is used as an internal sizing for paper.
- rosin size -
A suspension of rosin used to give paper water resistance.
- rotary cutter -
Machine that converts paper rolls into untrimmed sheets.
- rotary press -
Printing press in which the plate is wrapped around a cylinder. There are two types, direct and indirect. Direct presses print with a plate cylinder and an impression cylinder. Indirect rotary presses (sheet-fed offset presses) combine a plate cylinder, a blanket cylinder and an impression cylinder.
- rotogravure -
Intaglio process. The image is below the surface of the plate. (Letterpress image is raised, the offset image is flat).
- rotogravure paper -
Smooth finished paper designed for rotogravure printing.
- round cornering -
Rounding corners of paper forms and books by machine.
- rubber plate -
Flexible rubber letterpress plate made from a matrix which in turn had been made from raised metal type.
- rubber stamp mark -
A simulated watermark.
- rubbing up -
Strengthening weak images on an offset plate by rubbing it with ink on a folded cloth.
- rule -
In letterpress; thin lead strip which is type high. Also, in printing, any line on the page, either horizontal or vertical. It can be typeset, drawn by hand, or scribed on a negative.
- rule weight -
In printing, thickness of lines; hairline rule, medium rule (1/2 point); heavy rule (1 point).
- runnability -
Paper's performance on a press and its ability to withstand the stresses of a running press unaltered. Not the same as printability.
- rupture -
To break.
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